SpaceX

New performance data shows U.S. WISPs are getting faster, but lowโ€‘Earth orbit players like Starlink are advancing just as quicklyโ€”and the competitive gap in rural markets is narrowing. Based on Speedtest Intelligence data from Q1 2021 to Q2 2025, eight of the larger WISPsโ€”Starry, Resound Networks, Nextlink, Wisper Internet, Unwired Broadband, GeoLinks, Etheric Networks, and Rise Broadbandโ€”improved speeds, with download gains outpacing uploads. Starry led by a wide margin with a 202 Mbps median download in Q2 2025, followed by Resound at 99 Mbps and Nextlink at 68 Mbps; GeoLinks trailed at 23 Mbps. Crucially, only a minority of WISP users consistently achieve the FCCโ€™s 100/20 Mbps fixed broadband benchmark.
Orange is moving to commercialize direct-to-device satellite connectivity in Europe with a carrier-branded SMS service that extends coverage beyond terrestrial reach. Orange will launch โ€œMessage Satellite,โ€ an SMS and location-sharing service that lets smartphones connect directly to satellites when mobile or Wiโ€‘Fi coverage is unavailable. The consumer launch in mainland France is slated for 11 December 2025, with professional and enterprise availability following in 2026. At launch, the service will be offered to Orange 5G and 5G+ customers using Google Pixel 9 or Pixel 10 devices, with additional handsets expected over time. Pricing is set at โ‚ฌ5 per month after a sixโ€‘month free introductory period.
Amazon has moved its low Earth orbit broadband effort out of code-name mode and into a market-facing brand with strategic implications for telecom and enterprise buyers. Project Kuiper is now Amazon Leo, a direct reference to the low Earth orbit constellation underpinning the service. The rebrand signals a transition from R&D to commercial execution. Amazon reports more than 150 satellites in orbit todayโ€”roughly 153 by recent countsโ€”following a string of successful launches and a completed prototype mission. The company says it will light up service as it adds coverage and capacity.
AST SpaceMobile is signaling a pivotal year ahead as it moves from demonstrations to commercial direct-to-device coverage with major operators and an aggressive launch schedule. The companyโ€™s plan to begin โ€œintermittent nationwideโ€ service in early 2026, followed by continuous coverage later in the year, is also a forcing function for device vendors, standards work, and MNO network integration. As AST scales to 45โ€“60 BlueBird satellites by end-2026, pass frequency and overlap increase to support โ€œcontinuousโ€ service across the U.S., Europe, Japan, and other priority markets. AST reports over $3.2 billion in cash and liquidity.
A new joint plan from Vodafone and AST SpaceMobile aims to deliver satellite broadband directly to standard smartphones across Europe under a sovereign operational model. AST SpaceMobile has submitted plans through Germany for a space-based network designed to provide broadband directly to devices across Europe. Operations would run through SatCo, a Luxembourg-based joint venture with Vodafone announced earlier this year. The timing aligns with looming European spectrum decisions and intensifying competition in direct-to-device (D2D). S-band at 2 GHz is up for renewal across the region in 2027, and 700 MHz public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) frequencies are central to resilient communications strategy.
MTN has launched StarEdge Horizon, a Layer 2 service over SpaceXโ€™s Starlink designed to move enterprise traffic on a private path to MTN points of presence (PoPs), bypassing the public internet and reducing latency, jitter, and operational complexity. The service extends a private Layer 2 domain from remote sites over Starlink into MTN regional PoPs, where enterprises can centralize internet egress, security, and policy. QoS and segmentation protect prioritized traffic, while multi-link redundancy reduces site-level downtime risks. By bringing a private Layer 2 architecture to Starlink, MTNโ€™s StarEdge Horizon turns LEO from best-effort internet into a controllable enterprise transport.
A planned merger between Lynk Global and Omnispace aims to fuse spectrum assets, satellite technology, and SESโ€™s multi-orbit infrastructure to scale 3GPP-compliant direct-to-device services worldwide. The combined company will pair Omnispaceโ€™s globally coordinated S-band holdings, about 60 MHz anchored by ITU filings and aligned to non-terrestrial network standardsโ€”with Lynkโ€™s patented multi-spectrum D2D platform. SES, already an investor in both firms, will become a major strategic shareholder and provide access to its GEO and MEO assets and ground network to improve coverage, resiliency, and time-to-market. Lynk has already launched commercial messaging and alerting in small markets with a handful of LEO spacecraft.
New usage data shows AT&T subscribers are tapping into T-Mobileโ€™s Starlink-powered T-Satellite more than expected, signaling a rapid shift in how carriers and customers think about direct-to-device connectivity. Speedtest intelligence indicates T-Mobile users account for the majority of direct-to-device (D2D) connections to Starlink, roughly six in ten overall and more than seven in ten among devices reporting active service at connection time. The surprise is AT&Tโ€™s footprint: about a third of observed connections come from AT&T subscribers, while Verizonโ€™s share is minimal.
EchoStar has reset its strategy after regulator-driven spectrum sales, trading long-cycle infrastructure bets for an asset-light, capital-rich posture focused on satcom growth. Federal Communications Commission scrutiny over spectrum utilization forced EchoStar to accelerate decisions it had hoped to phase over time. Complaints from rivals spurred investigations into whether the company was meeting buildout and use obligations. Even if EchoStar prevailed in court, the process risked tying up key licenses and stalling its direct-to-device (D2D) ambitions. The company opted to monetize holdings and remove uncertainty rather than fight a prolonged, value-destructive battle.
SpaceX wants the FCC to count Starlink as โ€œadvancedโ€ broadband in its annual Section 706 report, a move that could reshape funding, benchmarks, and competition in rural internet buildouts. In 2024, the agency set a 100/20 Mbps benchmark, added affordability and adoption metrics, and floated a long-term goal of 1 Gbps/500 Mbps. SpaceX argues that excluding LEO distorts the national picture. The company says Starlink serves more than 2 million U.S. subscribers and posts median peak-hour speeds near 200 Mbps today. Rural electric co-ops and community telcos counter that LEO networks remain capacity constrained and variable.
SpaceXโ€™s $17 billion purchase of EchoStar spectrum signals a deliberate push to blend satellite and mobile connectivity at consumer scale. SpaceX is acquiring EchoStarโ€™s AWS-4 and H-Block licenses, adding roughly 1.9โ€“2.0 GHz spectrum into its portfolio for direct-to-device (D2D) service in the U.S. Owning licensed spectrum lets SpaceX widen capabilities beyond roaming-style add-ons, potentially toward a branded service that spans home broadband and handset connectivity. A two-year window for first compatible handsets is a realistic baseline. Analysts broadly expect Starlink to expand via partnerships: wholesale arrangements to MNOs for satellite fallback, and potentially an MVNO to bring a Starlink-branded phone plan to market.
SpaceX agreed to acquire EchoStarโ€™s AWS-4 and H-Block spectrum licenses in a transaction valued at up to $17 billion, split between as much as $8.5 billion in cash and up to $8.5 billion in SpaceX equity. As part of the package, SpaceX will also cover approximately $2 billion in cash interest payments on EchoStar debt through November 2027. The parties have also signed a long-term commercial agreement that would allow EchoStarโ€™s Boost Mobile subscribers to access SpaceXโ€™s next-generation Starlink โ€œDirect to Cellโ€ service once live.

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